Politics, constitution and administrative structure of Italy

Italy is a democratic republic, which was established in 1946. To date, the form of government in Italy is the parliamentary one, characterized by a large number of different political parties. All legislation relies on the Constitution, which was signed back in 1946 during the formation of the republic. As for the administrative division, Italy consists of twenty separate regions and about a hundred provinces. In view of the fact that the parliamentary system of government operates in Italy, the President is recognized as the head of the country. He is elected for a term of seven years. He is considered the highest representative of the Italian state. His duties include representing his country’s interests on the international stage on various political platforms. He is also the head of the Defense Council and the country’s constitution, and the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. The President has the right to make decisions on a particular issue before the parliament approves it. At the same time, both the parliament and the president of Italy are equally responsible for decision-making.

Moreover, the President’s authority also includes the power to appoint a Prime Minister. He is the main body of executive power. As a rule, he is also considered the head of the party, which occupies the largest number of seats in the congress. Parliament in Italy is considered the supreme body of the legislative branch. It has a bicameral structure. Its duties include legislative and supervisory activities. The Chamber of Deputies includes more than six hundred deputies. These people make and develop various bills, and they submit the documentation to the upper chamber, called the Senate, for confirmation. It consists of 323 deputies. The upper chamber has the right to veto any bill, but at the same time the lower house, provided that a majority of votes has been collected, may well refute the Senate’s veto.

All deputies are elected to parliament by direct hidden vote. All citizens of Italy, who have already reached the age of 18, participate in the voting process. The term of office of each newly elected deputy of the Chamber is 5 years. In the Senate, many members are elected for life. Note that in the two chambers, various organizations are constantly being created, referred to as commissions on carriage issues. Within their area of competence are specific issues of certain ministries, to which they have been assigned. As a matter of fact, they just duplicate and back up the activities of the deputies. It should be noted that according to the Constitution, the President has the right to create a referendum without an agreement of the Parliament or the government. Copyright www.orangesmile.com

The judicial system in Italy is identical to other similar legal systems of all European countries. At the head of the judicial system is the Supreme Court, which comprises of 20 people. Each judge is appointed personally by the King for a term of 5 years. The subordinate juridical bodies in Italy include the courts of general jurisdiction, administrative courts, and military tribunals. After it follow the district, provincial, municipal, and special courts. Please note that there are active trade union movements in Italy. To date, they consist of more than 16 million people. The main trade union movement is the Syndicate of Workers. The major political party remains the Left Democrats and the Italian People’s Party.

The domestic policy of the country is aimed at developing the state, and improving the rules of self-government of each of the individual regions. The government pays special attention to smoothing various disproportions in the economic and social situations of various regions of the country, within the framework of NATO policy (the country was accepted into the organization in 1955). The foreign policy of modern Italy is adapted to the development of close economic relations with countries of the European Union, cooperation with the United States, and the establishment of relations with other countries of the world.