Excursion tour in Salzburg. Top architecture - monuments, castles, temples and palaces

» Salzburg Cathedral was built by archbishop Vergilius of Salzburg at the site of the first Christian church in 774.
»  For many centuries, the cathedral had been destroyed by fire many times: in 1167, 1312, 1598, and 1859. It was last destroyed during the bombing in 1944.
»  The cathedral was restored in 1959. On the gate, there is a plate with three dates of cathedral sanctification: 774, 1628, and 1959.
»  In the cathedral, there are 11 altars and 5 organs. 10 000 people can attend services at the same time. The bells in the bell tower were cast in the 16th-17th centuries. The portal is decorated with statues of Vergilius and Rupert, bishops who lived here and were patrons of Salzburg in the 8th century.
»  In 1756, Wolfgang Mozart was baptized in a medieval font cast in 1321. When Mozart grew up, he worked here as an organist.
»  There is also the shrine of archbishops of Salzburg.

» Mirabell Palace is the most admirable place in Salzburg. It was built in 1606.
»  One legend says that the palace was given to Salome Alt from Archbishop Wolf Raitenau. They could not marry but this did not prevent them from having 15 children.
»  The palace was rebuilt many times. After the fire in 1818, only the Marble Hall and the marble staircase have been preserved. The palace has become more modest.
»  The main attraction of the Mirabell Palace is its gardens that are the next best thing to the Gardens of Versailles. In the center of the park, there is a fountain surrounded by sculptures of Ancient Greek gods. These statues have been preserved since 1690.
»  In the park, there is also the Garden of Dwarfs where you can see 28 small funny sculptures of these citizens.
»  The most beautiful place in the palace is the Marble Hall. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart performed here once.
»  Nowadays, wedding ceremonies are held here. It is the best wedding hall in Austria. The Mirabell Palace and Park are under the protection of UNESCO.

» In 1685, the first stone was laid into the foundation of the church in commemoration of Catholic Saint Cajetan, a patron of pregnant women. To separate it from “cheap” Protestant churches, Cajetan Church was decorated with frescoes, gilt, and sculptures.
»  The small construction is crowned by a dome-drum. The central entrance is supported by Ionic columns. They rest on a special elevation. The roof seems to be almost weightless and airy.
»  The inner walls were finished in the first half of the 18th century. Some decorative elements, including moldings, were added later.
»  The organ was placed in Cajetan Church in 1700. There is an old staircase that consists of 49 steps. It is aged over 300 years.
»  The inner vault was painted by an Australian artist. The picture depicts the victory of St. Cajetan. The main altar is covered with a beautiful canopy with statues of angels. Side altars are dedicated to patrons of the church.
»  One of the constructions is dedicated to St. Ann, the mother of the Virgin Mary. In 1150, there was a medieval chapel built after St. Ann.

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Facts: » The Salzburg Marionette Theatre was founded by professor and sculptor Anton Aicher. The sculptor constructed dolls that can repeat natural human movements.
»  The theatre opened in 1913 with the premiere of Mozart’s opera Bastien und Bastienne. 14 performances – which were Mozart's operas – were staged during the year.
»  Anton Aicher managed the theatre until 1926, when he appointed his son, Hermann Aicher, to the post. Hermann began using the latest lighting technology to enhance the visual effect of the stage. He also invited teachers and students from Mozarteum to participate in the creation and performance of music pieces.
»  In 1927, the marionette theatre started to tour different countries. The theatre still goes on tours and is very popular all over the world.
»  Its repertoire includes operas and operettas, ballet performances, and other drama productions. Thus, both children and adults happily attend this enchanting colourful theatrical spectacle.

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Facts: » Pfarramt Mulln was first mentioned in 1148. It is located in the district that was distinguished by lots of water mills. This is why the church is called like this.
»  In 1439, the exterior of the small church changed and was designed in the Gothic style.
»  In 1674, a pointed bell tower was added to the church.
»  Inside, there is an altar lined with red marble. In the center of the altar, there is the statue of the Holy Virgin Mary with a baby. The statue was made in 1453. It is considered to be miraculous.
»  There is a massive staircase. Over it, you can see old paintings of the 17th century.
»  Near the church, there is also a small cemetery that was founded in 1453.

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Facts: » The Leopoldskron Palace was built in 1736 for the family of Archbishop Leopold Anton Eleutherius von Firmian. The archbishop asked his relatives for burying his heart in the chapel of the palace. When he died in 1744, his will was fulfilled. The body of the archbishop was buried in Salzburg Cathedral.
»  The palace was rebuilt in 1763 when the tower was dismantled and the third level and the roof were reconstructed.
»  In the 19th century, owners of the palace changed many times. In 1918, it was bought by famous European impresario Max Reinhardt. He had restored and refurbished the building for 20 years. Here, composers, writers, and actors from all over Europe met and theatrical performances were staged.
»  Nowadays, the palace belongs to heirs of Reinhardt and is in private ownership.
»  In the palace, the Salzburg Global Seminar organizes its seminars. At such seminars, issues on overcoming political, cultural, ethnic and geographical inequalities are discussed. Independent experts are also invited.