Nature of Belarus - national parks and reserves for active recreation

The unique country of lakes, swamps, and dense forests that are home to European bison – this is what comes to mind first when someone asks about Belarus. This large country is located in the south of Eastern Europe. Belarus doesn’t have access to the sea. More than one-third of the country’s territory is covered with dense forests, and almost all territory has a diverse flora. This has helped Belarus to preserve rare trees, bushes, birds, and animals, maintaining a comfortable habitat for different species. The local climate is quite mild – it is moderately continental and doesn’t have big temperature fluctuations. The south of Belarus – Polesia – is a restricted area of everglades that is often referred to as “the lungs of Europe”.

The diverse flora and fauna are a true pride of Belarus. Mixed forests are the most widespread here – birches and oaks grow close to pines. In total, there are more than 28 different tree types in the country. The variety of bushes is even bigger – more than 70 species. The avian world is represented by more than 300 species of birds, many of which are rare or endangered. The animal world is no less diverse – elk, deer, wild boar, bison, wolf, lynx, and many other species live here. Just like plants, animals have different habitats, but the country’s territory is fully inhabited.

Belarus landscape is a unique echo of ancient geological and climatic processes that still have an influence on the planet. Valleys and everglades are the most typical here. Prehistoric glaciers have left a good reminder in the country, providing Belarus with fresh water. Three large rivers, namely, the Dnepr, Neman, and Pripyat, as well as numerous small rivers cover all needs of the country in fresh water. More than 10,000 lakes, the majority of which are located on the north of the country, are one more priceless asset of Belarus. The territory on the south of the country is called Polesia. This is the protected land of turf moors, giant swamps, and dense pine forests. Copyright www.orangesmile.com

The central part of Belarus is the most populated one. It is also the center of agriculture in the country – roughly one-third of the territory is used for agricultural purposes. The country is unevenly populated. The share of people living in cities is approximately 75%, and many of these people live in the two biggest cities in the country – Minsk (the capital) and Gomel. A large part of the country’s territory is a restricted area, so any agricultural activities are prohibited there. Numerous nature reserves and parks preserve the unique landscape of the country and its population of rare birds, animals, and plants. Many areas are protected by UNESCO.

Białowieża Forest National Park (Belovezhskaya Pushcha National Park) is the most famous park in the country. According to scientists, the age of oaks that grow here is more than 500 years. There are many trees, the age of which is more than a century (lindens, pines, spruces, and ashes). This is the remaining part of the ancient forest that once covered Europe. Deep in the forest, there are many wild animals, such as wolves, lynxes, boars, deer, and elks. There are also many birds, including carnivorous ones. Belarus is home of the largest population of European bison on the continent. This animal is also the symbol of the country. The bison almost completely disappeared because of uncontrolled hunting, but thanks to timely efforts it has become possible to save these giants for future generations. According to documents, this territory has been a natural reserve starting from the mid-15th century.

It is better to visit the park together with a group. It is prohibited to enter the park on private cars without special permission. Fans of wild nature can book cute small houses in the national style or a hotel room and stay in the park overnight. The protected forest stretches to the neighbor country of Poland. There is a customs checkpoint that allows no-visa entry for foreigners for up to 3 days.

The Braslaw Lakes National Park is located on the west of Belarus. It was founded in 1995. The park occupies a territory of more than 700 square kilometers. Local flora is represented by more than 2,000 species, many of which are endangered. More than 200 species of birds nest in the park. It is also a habitat of 50 species of animals. Braslaw Lakes are famous for their spectacular views and breathtaking beauty, crystal clear lakes and giant stones brought by ancient glaciers. Local people even gave names to some of them. The giant territory of the park features different ecosystems (swamps, forests, meadows, and lakes). Naturally, the animal world of the park is also very diverse. Travelers will find it interesting to know that there are several tourist villages in the park. Fans of hiking will be excited to explore local hiking trails.

Narachanski National Park is located in the center of the country. It mostly consists of pine forests and lakes. Founded in 1999, this park consists of protected areas and areas for eco-tourism. This is the location of numerous resorts, sanatoriums, and famous mineral springs.

Pripyat National Park is located in the southern part of Belarus, in the flood-plain of the Pripyat River. Established in the 60s of the previous century, this natural park occupies a giant territory. As the landscape is mostly swampy in this region, it is an ideal area for cranberry. Roughly 500 hectares of cranberry fields and European bison attract numerous tourists to Pripyat National Park.

Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve occupies the northern part of the country. It was established yet in the 20s of the previous century. This national park is a part of the international network of biosphere reserves protected by UNESCO. Its diverse ecosystem (swamps, fields, forests, and lakes) is great for flora and fauna.

The Chernobyl disaster that occurred in 1986 affected the territory of Belarus as well. Nowadays, the radiation background of the majority of the country’s territory is normal and doesn’t cause any worries. Some areas that were affected the most were closed in the past. People were relocated to other areas, territories were closed for visitors, and warning signs were installed. That being said, it is safe to visit Belarus – this country can amaze even experienced travelers!