National traditions of Peru. Habits, mentality and the way of living

About 30 million people live in Peru. Most of them live in cities. 60% of the population is so-called mestizos. They are people of combined Spanish and Indian descent. 25% are Quechua (indigenous people who are heirs of the cultural tradition of the Inca state of Tawantinsuyu) and Aymara people. They were subject to the Incas in ancient times. The rest of the population is migrants from European, African, and Asian countries. Indian tribes live in the jungle and the Andes. These are Aguaruna, Shipibo-Conibo, Cocama-Cocamilla, Chayawita, Ticuna, and others. Their numbers are unknown.

Local traditions and customs are formed due to the fusion of several cultures. The strong influence of pre-Columbian civilizations presents in architecture, painting, and music. The fusion of Spanish and local native American architecture gave rise to the unique architectural style of Mestizo. Its distinctive feature is a fine stone carving, an abundance of small architectural details, and expressiveness. Peruvian artists created their own school of painting called Cusco. This current arose in the XVI century. It was characterized exclusively by religious subjects at first because the conversion of the country's indigenous population to Catholicism was a priority.

Marinera is a national dance. It is performed at a fast pace in pairs. This is a romantic dance-flirt, which is performed to the guitar, trumpet or Cajon. The dance contains elements of the country's pre-Inca population, as well as elements of European (Iberian) and Gypsy dances. The National Marinera competition is held in Trujillo every year. The occurrence of the extravagant dance with scissors was associated with the struggle of indigenous peoples against the Spanish conquest. The dance is performed in national costumes. It is more like an acrobatic performance than a dance number. The dancers are really holding scissors in their hands. Copyright www.orangesmile.com

National costumes of Quechua and Aymara are similar. But there are some differences between them. The costumes of numerous Indian communities living in the Selva and Andes also have their own characteristics. This allows distinguishing one nation from another. Urban residents wear national costumes only on holidays. But members of Indian communities who live in isolation use items such as ponchos and capes every day. This is especially true for older residents. They wear a full suit for special events: holidays and various ceremonies.

Peruvians are very affable and friendly. It is customary to say “Hello” everywhere and to everyone, including taxi drivers and shop assistants. They are extremely proud of their country, traditions, and cuisine. Discussing attractions, especially Inca heritage, cuisine, and beverages is a great way to keep up a conversation and make a good impression. You should not discuss politics, especially local politics.

Peruvians are a little bit slow, especially in rural areas. They talk quietly, without raising their voices. Talking in a loud voice is considered bad form here. Peruvians prefer to start a conversation about something from afar. It is considered impolite to go directly to the immediate subject of conversation. At the same time, Peruvians are quite emotional and do not consider it necessary to restrain emotions, especially positive ones. They attach great importance to appearance. Peruvians often look after themselves carefully. If you are choosing an outfit for a reception or party, you should not be afraid to overdo your appearance. Peruvians are very fond of luxury outfits.

Peruvians stand extremely close to each other when talking. This may be unusual for Europeans. It is customary to touch each other during a conversation. It is absolutely normal for both men and women to walk holding hands. It is customary to respect elder people and women. Local people give up a place to them in transport. It is considered normal to shake a woman's hand when meeting. Peruvians are not the most punctual nation. It is considered normal to be late for half an hour here. It is customary to bring small gifts with you during a visit. For example, you can take a box of chocolates with you. You need to put the knife and fork on the plate parallel to the diagonal to demonstrate that the meal is over.

Peru's society is quite patriarchal. Women do most of the housework. However, more and more women start to work recently. Almost all marriages are performed twice: in the Church and in the places where civil status is registered. Many young people do not consider it shameful to live with their parents before the wedding. However, local people marry quite early.

Spanish is the official language in the country. English is not widely spoken. People speak Native American dialects in some areas. A few phrases in Spanish will greatly facilitate communication and will make the locals feel better about tourists.